Unveiling Supernova Stardust: Insights from Rare Particles

Research reveals the secrets of stardust from supernovae Curtin University-led research has unveiled a rare discovery: a dust particle nestled within an ancient extraterrestrial meteorite, originating from a star distinct from our sun. Published in the Astrophysical Journal under the title “Atomic-scale Element and Isotopic Investigation of 25Mg-rich Stardust from an H-burning Supernova,” this study was spearheaded by lead author Dr. Nicole Nevill, conducted during her doctoral studies at Curtin University. Dr. Nevill, now affiliated with the Lunar and Planetary Science Institute in collaboration with NASA’s Johnson Space Center, led the investigation. Meteorites predominantly comprise material originating from within our solar system; however, they can also harbor minute particles originating from stars that predate our sun. By scrutinizing the elemental composition of these particles, known as presolar grains, researchers discern clues indicating their extraterrestrial origin. Utilizing atom probe tomography, Dr. Nevill scrutinized the particle, unraveling its chemistry on an atomic scale and revealing concealed insights. Dr. Nevill likened these particles to celestial time capsules, offering glimpses into the life cycles of their parent stars. In contrast to materials created within our solar system, which exhibit predictable isotopic ratios, the particle analyzed in this study displayed a magnesium isotopic ratio distinct from any previously observed. The magnitude of this discovery is underscored by the particle’s extraordinarily high isotopic ratio, indicative of its formation in a recently identified type of star—a hydrogen burning supernova. Co-author Dr. David Saxey, affiliated with the John de Laeter Centre at Curtin University, emphasized the groundbreaking nature of the research, expanding our comprehension of the universe and pushing the boundaries of analytical techniques and astrophysical models. Dr. Saxey highlighted the atom probe’s pivotal role, providing unprecedented levels of detail unattainable in prior studies. The revelation of hydrogen burning supernovae, a star type recently discovered in conjunction with the analysis of this minuscule dust particle, further underscores the significance of this research. Co-author Professor Phil Bland, from Curtin’s School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, emphasized how studying rare particles in meteorites facilitates a deeper understanding of cosmic phenomena beyond our solar system. The ability to connect atomic-scale measurements in the laboratory with recently identified star types is nothing short of remarkable.