A recent lab-dish study has raised concerns about the potential contribution of microplastics to the spread of cancer within tumors. While conducted under controlled conditions, the findings hint at the persistence of microplastics through cell division and their possible role in fueling cancer metastasis.
Microplastics, ubiquitous pollutants in the environment, are known to enter the body through inhalation or ingestion. These tiny particles, particularly those smaller than 10 micrometers, have been shown to infiltrate cells, triggering cellular stress and accumulating within tissues. However, the mechanisms underlying their accumulation and potential impact on cancer progression have remained poorly understood.
The study, published in the journal Chemosphere, sheds light on how micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) interact with cancer cells, particularly colorectal cancer cells. By exposing these cells to different sizes of MNPs, the researchers observed a size-dependent accumulation of particles within the cells. Notably, smaller particles exhibited a higher propensity to penetrate cells and accumulate, while larger particles were unable to enter.
Furthermore, the study revealed that MNPs could persist through cell division, distributing among newly divided cells. Cells exposed to MNPs demonstrated increased mobility, suggesting a potential link between microplastics and enhanced cancer cell migration, a critical aspect of metastasis.
Microscopy techniques revealed that MNPs accumulated within lysosomes, cellular structures responsible for degrading foreign particles. However, unlike bacteria or other foreign bodies, MNPs resisted degradation, highlighting their persistence within cellular environments.
While the study underscores the alarming potential of microplastics in cancer progression, researchers emphasize the need for further investigation. Future studies should explore a wider range of microplastic types and shapes that closely resemble environmental counterparts.
In light of these findings, reducing plastic consumption emerges as a crucial step in mitigating the health and environmental risks associated with microplastics. Awareness and action are imperative to address this pressing concern and safeguard human health and ecological well-being.
